Theriogenology
Volume 73, Issue 9 , Pages 1230-1237 , June 2010

Seasonality of reproduction in wild boar (Sus scrofa) assessed by fecal and plasmatic steroids

  • E. Macchi

      Affiliations

    • Department of Veterinary Morphophysiology, University of Turin, Via Leonardo da Vinci 44, 10095 Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +39 011 6709147; fax: +39 011 2369147.
    • ,
  • A. Starvaggi Cucuzza

      Affiliations

    • Department of Animal Pathology, University of Turin, Via Leonardo da Vinci 44, 10095 Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
    • ,
  • P. Badino

      Affiliations

    • Department of Animal Pathology, University of Turin, Via Leonardo da Vinci 44, 10095 Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
    • ,
  • R. Odore

      Affiliations

    • Department of Animal Pathology, University of Turin, Via Leonardo da Vinci 44, 10095 Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
    • ,
  • F. Re

      Affiliations

    • ATC1 Piazza Ubertini 1, 10014 Caluso, Turin, Italy
    • ,
  • L. Bevilacqua

      Affiliations

    • ATC1 Piazza Ubertini 1, 10014 Caluso, Turin, Italy
    • ,
  • A. Malfatti

      Affiliations

    • Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Camerino, Via Circonvallazione 93/95, 62024 Matelica, Macerata, Italy

Received 26 June 2009 ,Revised 14 December 2009 ,Accepted 27 December 2009.

References 

  1. Mauget R. Observations on reproduction in the wild pig (Sus scrofa L.) in the wild state. Ann Biol Anim Bioch Biophys. 1972;12(2):195–202
  2. Mauget R, Campan R, Spitz F, Dardaillon M, Janeau G, Pepin D. Synthèse des connaissances actuelles sur la biologie du Sanglier, perspectives de recherche. Symposium Internat. sur le Sanglier, Toulouse 1984. Les Colloques de l’INRA. 1984;22:15–50
  3. Bassano B, Perrone A. Cinghiale. In: Eda, editor. I selvatici delle alpi piemontesi. Biologia, gestione e censimenti. Torino; 1999. p. 129-42.
  4. D’Andrea L, Durio P, Macchi E, Perrone A, Zenna F. Biologia. In: Planorbis, editor. Il Cinghiale in Provincia di Torino, Vol II. Torino; 2001. p. 11-50.
  5. Durio P, Gallo Orsi U, Macchi E, Perrone A. Monthly birth distribution and structure of an alpine population of wild boar (Sus scrofa) in North-West Italy. Ungulates. 1993;91:395–397
  6. Gerard JF, Campan R. Variabilité éco-ethologique chez le sanglier européen: comparaison des travaux francais. Cah Ethol Appliq. 1988;8:63–130
  7. Genov P. Significance of natural biocenoses and agrocenoses as the source of food for wild boar (Sus scrofa L.). Ekol Pol. 1981;29:117–136
  8. Saez-Royuela C, Telleria JL. The increased population of wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) in Europe. Mam Rev. 1986;16:97–101
  9. Pedrotti L, Dupré E, Preatoni D, Toso S. Banca Dati Ungulati: status, distribuzione, consistenza, gestione, prelievo venatorio e potenzialità delle popolazioni di Ungulati in Italia. Biol. Cons. Fauna, Istituto Nazionale Fauna Selvatica. 2001;45
  10. Apollonio M, Randi E, Toso S. The systematics of the wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) in Italy. Bollettino di Zoologia. 1988;3:213–221
  11. Durio P, Macchi E, Rasero R. Genetic characterization of some populations of wild boar (Sus scrofa scrofa) in Piedmont (Italy). Ibex J Mount Ecol. 1995;3:15–16
  12. Macchi E, Tarantola M, Perrone A, Paradiso MC, Ponzio G. Cytogenetic variability in the wild boar (Sus scrofa scrofa) in Piedmont (Italy): preliminary data. Ibex J Mount Ecol. 1995;3:17–18
  13. Scandura M, Iacolina L, Crestanello B, Pecchioli E, Di Benedetto F, Russo V, et al. Ancient vs. recent processes as factors shaping the genetic variation of the European wild boar: are the effects of the last glaciation still detectable?. Mol Ecol. 2008;17(7):1745–1762
  14. Laboratorio Chimico Camera di Commercio di Torino, Dipartimento di Zoologia e Genetica Evoluzionistica Università di Sassari. Studio delle caratteristiche genetiche delle popolazioni di cinghiale presenti in Piemonte. Regione Piemonte, 2008.
  15. Borjesson DL, Boyce WM, Gardner IA, DeForge J, Lasley B. Pregnancy detection in Bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) using fecal-based enzyme immunoassay. J Wildl Dis. 1996;32:67–74
  16. Kretzschmar P, Ganslosser U, Jewgenow K, Dehnhard M. Non invasive measurement of fecal testosterone metabolites revealed seasonality in free living male white rhinoceros, Ceratotherium simum simum. 3rd International Symposium on Physiology and Ethology of Wildlife and Zoo Animals, Berlin, Germany. In Advances Ethology – Supplement to “Ethology” 2000; 35:92.
  17. Rabiee AR, Macmillan KL, Schwarzenberger F. Plasma, milk and faecal progesterone concentrations during the oestrous cycle of lactating dairy cows with different milk yields. Anim Reprod Sci. 2002;74:121–131
  18. Jurke MH, Hagey LR, Czekala NM, Jurke S. Monitoring hormones in urine and feces of captive Bonobos (Pan paniscus). Primates. 2000;41(3):311–319
  19. Messier F, Desaulniers D, Goff A, Nault R, Patenaude R, Crete M. Caribou pregnancy diagnosis from immunoreactive progestins and estrogens excreted in feces. J Wildl Manage. 1990;54(2):279–283
  20. Hamasaki S, Yamauchi K, Ohki T, Murakami M, Takahara Y, Takeuchi Y, et al. Comparison of various reproductive status in Sika deer (Cervus nippon) using fecal steroid analysis. J Vet Med Sci. 2001;63:195–198
  21. Schopper D, Gaus J, Claus R, Bader H. Seasonal changes of steroid concentrations in seminal plasma of a European wild boar. Acta Endocr. 1984;107:425–427
  22. Schwarzenberger F, Mostl E, Palme R, Bamberg E. Fecal steroid analysis for non-invasive monitoring of reproductive status in farm, wild and zoo animals. Anim Reprod Sci. 1996;42:515–526
  23. White PJ, Garrott RA, Kirkpatrick JF, Berkeley EV. Diagnosing pregnancy in free-ranging elk using fecal steroid metabolites. J Wildl Dis. 1995;31(4):514–522
  24. Iff U. Determination de l’âge chez le Sanglier. Diana. 1978;95(10):377–381
  25. Matschke GH. Aging European wild hogs by dentition. J Wildl Manage. 1967;31(1):109–113
  26. Pèpin D, Spitz F, Janeau G, Valet G. Dynamics of reproduction and development of weight in the Wild boar (Sus scrofa) in south-west France. Z Säugetierk. 1986;52:21–30
  27. Shemesh M, Ayalon N, Lindner HR. Early pregnancy diagnosis based upon plasma progesterone levels in the cow and ewe. J Anim Sci. 1973;36:726–729
  28. Lasley VL, Kirkpatrick JF. Monitoring ovarian function in captive and free-ranging wildlife by means of urinary and fecal steroids. J Zool Wildl Med. 1991;22:23–31
  29. Macchi E, Facello C, Starvaggi Cucuzza A, Re F, Quaranta G. Valutazione dell’attività endocrina riproduttiva nel cinghiale (Sus scrofa) mediante metodiche RIA ed ELISA: determinazione delle concentrazioni plasmatiche e fecali di testosterone nel maschio. Atti II Congresso Nazionale S.I.R.A. 2004:141-3.
  30. Refsal KR, Marteniuk JV, Williams CS, Nachreiner RF. Concentrations of estrone sulfate in peripheral serum of pregnant goats: relationships with gestation length, fetal number and the occurrence of fetal death in utero. Theriogenology. 1991;36(3):449–461
  31. Lemon M, Loir M. Steroid release in vitro by two luteal cell types in the corpus luteum of the pregnant sow. J Endocrinol. 1977;72:351
  32. Meites J, Webster HD, Young FW, Thorp JrF , Hatch RN. Effects of corpora lutea removal and replacement with progesterone on pregnancy in goats. J Anim Sci. 1951;10:411–416
  33. Agarwal SP, Agarwal VK, Kanaujia AS. Steroid hormones in pregnant goats. Indian J Anim Sci. 1998;58:1050–1056
  34. Wango EO, Heap RB, Wooding FB. Progesterone and 5 betapregnanediol production by isolated fetal placental binucleate cells from sheep and goats. J Endo. 1991;129:283–289
  35. Perry JS, Heap RB, Burton RD, Gadsby JE. Endocrinology of the blastocyst and its role in the stablishment of pregnancy. J Reprod Fertil Suppl. 1976;25:85
  36. Gray RC, Day BN, Lasley JF, Tribble LF. Testosterone levels of boars at various ages. J Anim Sci. 1971;33:124–126
  37. Mauget R, Boissin J. Seasonal changes in testis weight and testosterone concentration in the European wild board (Sus scrofa). Anim Reprod Sci. 1987;13:67–74
  38. Zamaratskaia G, Babol J, Madej A, Squires EJ, Lundström K. Age-related variation of plasma concentrations of skatole, androstenone, testosterone, oestradiol-17b, oestrone sulphate, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, triiodothyronine and igf-1 in six entire male pigs. Reprod Dom Anim. 2004;39:168–172
  39. Pépin D. Alimentation, croissance et reproduction chez la laie: études en conditions naturelles et en captivité. Productions Animales. 1991;4(2):183–189
  40. Macchi E, Bergamasco L, Facello C. Barbato O, Malfatti A. Variations of reproductive seasonality in two populations of wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Piedmont (NW Italy). 3rd International Symposium on Physiology and Ethology of Wild and Zoo Animals, Berlin, Germany. In Advances Ethology—Supplement to “Ethology” 2000; 35:94.
  41. Mauget R. Seasonality of reproduction in the wild boar. In:  Cole DJA,  Foxcroft GR editor. Control of Pig Reproduction. London: Butterworths; 1982;p. 509–526
  42. Claus R, Schopper D, Wagner HG, Weiler U. Photoperiodic influences on reproduction of domestic boars. I. Light influences on testicular steroids in peripheral blood plasma and seminal plasma. Zbl Vet Med A. 1985;32:86–98
  43. Pelletier F, Bauman J, Festa-Bianchet M. Fecal testosterone in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis): behavioural and endocrine correlates. Can J Zool. 2003;81:1678–1684
  44. Shargal D, Shore L, Roteri N, Terkel A, Zorovsky Y, Shemesh M, et al. Fecal testosterone is elevated in high ranking female ibexes (Capra nubiana) and associated with increased aggression and a preponderance of male offspring. Theriogenology. 2008;69(6):673–680
  45. Gauthier D. Programme National de la Recherche sur le Bouquetin in Monzagon. Memoire de stage. Universitè Francois Rabelais Tours, 1989.
  46. Lucaroni A, Malfatti A, Debenedetti A, Costarelli S, Todini L, Borghese A, et al. Sex differences in seasonal reproductive rhythms in Mediterranean goats. In: VI International Conference on Goats. Beijing, China, 2. 1996;p. 794–798

PII: S0093-691X(10)00038-5

doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.12.002

Theriogenology
Volume 73, Issue 9 , Pages 1230-1237 , June 2010

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution